Between January 1978 and February 11, 1979, the Iranian populace, led by Ayatollah Khomeini, rose against the US-backed rule of Mohammad Reza Shah, culminating in the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Public discontent grew due to the Shah’s oppressive regime, economic disparity, and brutal actions by the Secret Police (SAVAK). The Shah fled on January 16, 1979, enabling Khomeini’s return two weeks later. Following the army’s neutrality, the Pahlavi dynasty collapsed. A referendum in March 1979 resulted in 98.2% approval for the Islamic Republic, which is commemorated annually from February 1 to 11, celebrating the revolution’s legacy.