Why China Stands Out as a Reliable Global Partner
In early September, a significant SCO summit took place alongside a grand celebration marking the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. This milestone event saw the participation of Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, along with heads of states and representatives from over twenty nations. The intersection of these two significant events is expected to reshape the global balance of power, showcasing China’s political leadership in global governance and military capabilities.
As China continues to rise on the world stage, questions persist regarding its role in international relations. Will China emerge as a hegemonic power akin to the United States, or will it maintain a peaceful stance? These inquiries, which have been prevalent for the past two decades, remain relevant today, even among allies like Iran. However, historical patterns and China’s contemporary practices suggest that it can be a reliable partner for nations striving for peace and justice.
China’s Peaceful Nature
One of the defining characteristics of China is its commitment to peace. Throughout its long history, China has adopted a defensive strategic posture, focusing on safeguarding its territory rather than seeking to dominate others. The construction of the Great Wall, which spans over 20,000 kilometers, exemplifies China’s historical inclination to protect itself from external threats.
Despite its military advancements, particularly in the last two decades, China has not engaged in aggressive actions against its neighbors. Historical records indicate that it was Japan, not China, that initiated numerous aggressions against China between the 1890s and 1945. In modern times, China has chosen restraint when addressing issues related to its territorial integrity, demonstrating a commitment to peaceful resolutions even amidst strategic competition with the United States.
China-Iran Relations
- Historical Ties: China and Iran share a rich history of peaceful and harmonious relations, dating back to the ancient Silk Road. Cultural exchanges have fostered connections, with many elements of Chinese culture originating from Iran.
- Non-Interference Policy: China has consistently respected Iran’s sovereignty, never exerting military or economic pressure on the nation. This approach contrasts sharply with the interference seen from many Western countries, which often fail to recognize the legitimacy of non-Western political systems.
- Economic Cooperation: The economic relationship between China and Iran is characterized by mutual benefit and respect. China pursues a win-win approach, valuing balanced trade relations that favor long-term sustainability.
China’s non-interference policy aligns with its commitment to respecting the sovereignty of other nations. Unlike many Western powers that impose their political ideologies, China has refrained from challenging Iran’s political legitimacy, choosing instead to support the nation’s development and prosperity. President Xi Jinping’s remarks during his meeting with President Pezeshkian in October 2024 clearly articulated China’s support for Iran’s national sovereignty and its economic and social advancement.
Commitment to Justice
China has also positioned itself as a supporter of nations fighting for justice in the international arena. President Xi’s statements emphasize the importance of unwavering conviction in justice, asserting that true righteousness will ultimately prevail over might. This commitment is evident in the historical support provided by both nations to one another, particularly concerning issues of territorial integrity and nuclear rights.
In light of recent conflicts, such as the 12-day war in which Iran fought for justice, China’s backing has been significant. President Xi’s four-point proposal for an immediate ceasefire and diplomatic outreach exemplify China’s support for Iran during critical times. This mutual support for justice remains a cornerstone of China-Iran relations, reflecting a partnership built on shared values.
Future of China-Iran Relations
In conclusion, China is a nation characterized by its commitment to peace, sovereignty, and justice—attributes that position it as a trustworthy partner for Iran and other nations. While challenges may arise, particularly from Western narratives aimed at demonizing China’s image, the relationship between China and Iran continues to grow stronger. The recent visit of President Pezeshkian has injected fresh momentum into their partnership, signaling a new milestone in their diplomatic ties.
Nevertheless, it is essential to manage expectations surrounding this relationship. While optimism is warranted, understanding the complexities and potential obstacles will be crucial to ensuring a sustainable and mutually beneficial partnership between China and Iran.
As the world witnesses the resurgence of unilateralism, the enduring mutual support for justice between China and Iran will serve as a defining feature of their relationship moving forward.
Jin Liangxiang is a Senior Fellow at the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies (SIIS).