UNESCO Delegation Explores the Marvels of Shushtar’s Historic Hydraulic System
TEHRAN—A recent visit to the Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System in Khuzestan province featured a delegation of representatives from UNESCO, hailing from Algeria, Tanzania, Nigeria, and Iraq. This visit aligns with a training workshop organized by the Energy Ministry, emphasizing the importance of preserving this UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The delegation, accompanied by experts from the Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System and representatives from the Khuzestan Water and Electricity Department, explored key components of this remarkable complex. Their itinerary included:
- The Gargar River
- Mizan Dam (Band-e Mizan)
- The mill area
- The waterfalls
Throughout their visit, experts provided detailed explanations regarding the unique water system of Shushtar and demonstrated how the ancient mills operated. This hands-on experience showcased the technical and cultural significance of this extraordinary global heritage site.
The Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System expressed its gratitude for the presence of this international delegation. The site emphasized its dedication to preserving, restoring, and promoting this invaluable heritage. Furthermore, it announced its openness to collaborating with international institutions to safeguard the world heritage of the ancient land of Shushtar.
This ancient hydraulic system is characterized by its intricate network of bridges, weirs, tunnels, canals, and a series of ancient watermills, all powered by human-made waterfalls. The system is named after Shushtar, a city with a rich history that dates back to the era of Darius the Great, the Achaemenid king.
The Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System is notable for its diversity in civil engineering structures and their various applications. These include:
- Urban water supply
- Mills
- Irrigation
- River transport
- Defensive systems
This remarkable system is a testament to the heritage that combines earlier Elamite and Mesopotamian knowledge. It is believed to have been influenced by the Petra dam and tunnel, as well as Roman civil engineering practices.
The hydraulic system has been regarded as a Wonder of the World, not only by Persians but also by Arab-Muslims during the height of their civilization. One of its principal canals serves as an artificial watercourse that enabled the construction of a new town and the irrigation of a vast area that was previously semi-desert.
According to UNESCO, the Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System showcases outstanding universal value. The current form of the system dates back to the 3rd century CE, although it likely incorporates older foundations from the 5th century BC. Its completeness, numerous functions, and large scale render it exceptional among historical hydraulic systems.
The preservation of the Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System is crucial, as it embodies the ingenuity and resourcefulness of ancient civilizations. It stands as a symbol of human achievement in harnessing natural resources for the benefit of society.
As the world continues to face challenges related to water management and environmental sustainability, the lessons learned from the Shushtar system become increasingly relevant. This ancient hydraulic system not only represents a significant historical achievement but also offers insights into sustainable practices that can be applied today.
In conclusion, the recent visit by UNESCO representatives underscores the global recognition of the Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System’s significance. The commitment to preserving this World Heritage Site ensures that future generations will continue to appreciate and learn from this extraordinary example of ancient engineering and innovation.