From June 13 to 24, 2025, Israel launched unprovoked military strikes against Iran, targeting civilian infrastructure and nuclear facilities, resulting in significant casualties and destruction. In response, Iran invoked its right to self-defense under the UN Charter, emphasizing military action was a last resort. Following the conflict, Iran initiated a diplomatic campaign, sending letters to the UN, engaging with the IAEA, and conducting nuclear talks with European nations while maintaining its commitment to peaceful nuclear development. Despite its military advantage, Iran chose diplomacy over escalation, advocating for international cooperation and accountability to promote regional peace and stability.