Exploring the Timeless Ties: An Exclusive Interview with the Director of Iran’s National Museum on Iran-China Relations

In an exclusive interview with Jebrael Nokandeh, the director of the National Museum of Iran, we delve into the captivating “Silk Legacy” exhibition currently taking place in Tehran. This exhibition offers a unique opportunity to explore the profound cultural connections between Iran and China, a relationship that spans over 4,500 years.

During our conversation, Nokandeh shared insights about the exhibition’s key artifacts, the historical significance of these items, and the implications of this ancient relationship for contemporary cultural dialogue between the two nations.

The “Silk Legacy” exhibition not only highlights the renowned Silk Road but also sheds light on the lesser-known maritime routes that enabled rich exchanges between these two historic civilizations. The display features a range of extraordinary artifacts, including:

• Parthian-era silk textiles that showcase the artistry of ancient Iran.
• Safavid-era blue-and-white porcelains, specifically commissioned by Shah Abbas, which illustrate the high level of craftsmanship and trade.
• Sasanian silverware, which served both as luxury items and symbols of cultural prestige.

Below is a detailed account of the interview, presented in a question-and-answer format:

Key Highlights of the Exhibition

How many objects are on display in the Silk Legacy exhibition, and what are some of its highlights?

The “Silk Legacy” exhibition, also known as Armaghan-e Abrisham, is primarily based on archaeological findings and artistic artifacts preserved at the National Museum of Iran and the Golestan Palace Museum. Approximately 90 objects are featured in this exhibition, reflecting the lasting cultural connections between Iran and China that date back to ancient times.

For instance, during Iran’s Bronze Age, interactions with ancient Chinese regions were already established. The more famous phase of Iran-China relations began with the Silk Road during the Parthian period. Notably, silk textiles discovered at the Germi site in Ardabil and the Qumis site near Damghan exemplify these early interactions.

During the Sasanian era, Sasanian coins were found in various cities across China, indicating extensive trade networks between the two civilizations. Another significant aspect of the exhibition is the display of Sasanian silverware, which not only served as luxury items but also acted as promotional tools showcasing the cultural and political identity of the Sasanians.

Significant Artifacts and Their Historical Context

What makes the commissioned blue-and-white Chinese porcelain special?

A remarkable feature of the exhibition is a collection of blue-and-white Chinese porcelain, specifically commissioned during Shah Abbas’s reign. These pieces were crafted in imperial kilns in China and were intended for the Iranian market. Some of these exquisite items bear inscriptions or seals with the name of Shah Abbas, highlighting their significance to the shrine complex of Sheikh Safi al-Din Ardabili, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Moreover, the National Museum of Iran boasts one of the largest collections of Chinese art in the region, including over 1,000 pieces such as celadon wares and various documentation related to this cultural exchange.

The Routes of Connection: Cultural and Economic Relations

What were the main routes connecting Iran and China?

In addition to the overland Silk Road, the maritime Silk Road also facilitated interactions between Iran and China. The exhibition presents findings that confirm both types of routes, including Chinese coins and ceramics found at the port of Siraf in southern Iran, which date back to the early Islamic period.

Historically, the Chinese referred to Iran as “Pars” (Persia), and their understanding of “the West” often pointed specifically to Iran. This relationship has always been characterized by mutual cooperation and goodwill, with China transferring its wealth through the Iranian imperial corridor toward Europe.

Cultural Exchanges: A Historical Perspective

How far back do these cultural exchanges go?

The connection between the Iranian plateau and China may even date back to prehistoric times, indicating a long-standing relationship between these two regions.

Future Exhibitions and Collaborations

What are the possibilities for future exhibitions?

Nokandeh expressed optimism about expanding the current exhibition, suggesting potential collaborations with other museums, such as the Moqaddam Museum in Tehran. These partnerships could showcase a broader array of valuable artifacts and further illuminate the historical ties between Iran and China.

Engagement with Modern Chinese Society

How does the exhibition resonate with modern Chinese visitors?

During the opening ceremony, a group of Chinese visitors, including journalists, showed great interest in the exhibition, engaging with Chinese-language labels that made the artifacts relatable. Such exhibitions serve as platforms for cultural dialogue, reinforcing that the connection between Iran and China is rooted in a friendship that spans thousands of years.

This shared history resonates deeply with Chinese visitors, many of whom express pride in seeing their heritage represented in Iran. Conversations with these visitors often reveal a keen interest in the historical and cultural connections between the two nations.

Challenges in Hosting International Exhibitions

What challenges does Iran face in organizing international exhibitions?

One of the significant challenges Iran encounters in hosting international exhibitions is insuring historical objects, a process complicated by current sanctions. Despite these hurdles, the National Museum has successfully collaborated with Chinese counterparts to insure and exhibit artifacts.

Over the past year, Iran has also organized exhibitions in various Chinese cities, such as “The Glory of Ancient Persia” and “Land of Kindness,” which have attracted substantial visitor interest and encouraged potential tourism to Iran.

Conclusion: A Cultural Heritage of Global Interest

In summary, the world exhibits a profound interest in Iran’s rich cultural heritage. Exhibitions like “Silk Legacy” not only celebrate historical ties but also foster a deeper understanding of these ancient civilizations, paving the way for future cultural exchanges.