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Biotechnology products constitute 60% of Iran’s pharmaceutical exports, with 99% produced domestically, reflecting the country’s commitment to self-sufficiency. Iran exports these products to 40 countries, valued at $120-$130 million, saving $5 billion annually on imports. In 2024, Iran ranked first among Islamic nations in biotechnology research, with 1,111 publications, and 11th globally. Additionally, over 70% of medical equipment is produced domestically, with annual exports worth $20 million to more than 60 countries. Iran’s focus on domestic production enhances its healthcare capabilities and strengthens its position in the global biotechnology market.
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In the Iranian year from March 2024 to March 2025, Iran recorded 38,463 multiple births among a total of 979,923 births, as reported by the Civil Registration Organization. Tehran had the highest birth rate at 120,562, while Ilam had the lowest at 6,534. The average age of first-time mothers and fathers is 27.5 and 32.3 years, respectively, with urban parents generally older than their rural counterparts. Iran’s fertility rate has stabilized at 1.6 children per woman, raising concerns about an aging population, projected to be 32% by 2050, impacting social policy and healthcare significantly.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution, centered on artificial intelligence (AI) and data science, is transforming industries by introducing intelligent systems that learn and make decisions autonomously. In manufacturing, AI enhances production through predictive maintenance, collaborative robots, and optimized supply chains. The finance sector benefits from real-time fraud detection, accurate credit assessments, and robo-advisors. Retail experiences improved customer experiences with personalized recommendations and efficient inventory management. However, challenges such as job displacement, data privacy, and ethical decision-making arise. To navigate these issues, the workforce must adapt with new skills, while collaboration among policymakers and industry leaders is crucial for responsible AI use.
The upcoming 2026 special issue of the International Journal of Water and Environmental Nanotechnology (JWENT) will focus on innovative solutions at the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and nanotechnology to address environmental challenges. It will feature international articles on AI’s role in nanotechnology design, environmental restoration, smart sensors, risk assessment, and sustainable applications. Meanwhile, Iran has made significant advancements in nanotechnology, doubling its export of nanotech products and becoming the sixth-largest global publisher in this field. The country aims to enhance industries and promote its products, primarily exporting to Asian countries, with Iraq being the largest importer.
Stanford University and Elsevier have recognized 2,772 Iranian researchers among the top two percent of most-cited scientists globally, reflecting significant contributions across various fields. This annual list, based on comprehensive Scopus data through the end of 2024, evaluates researchers using a composite citation indicator (c-score). The presence of Iranian researchers on this list has increased, with 2,533 high-citation researchers noted for 2025-2026, indicating improved scientific quality. Iran ranks 32nd globally for research output, excelling particularly in Physical Sciences. Despite sanctions, Iran aims to climb from 17th to 12th in global scientific production by 2027, emphasizing increased funding and research facilitation.